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Radiobiology evidence for protons and HZE nuclei : ウィキペディア英語版 | Radiobiology evidence for protons and HZE nuclei
Studies with protons and HZE nuclei of RBEs for molecular, cellular, and tissue endpoints, including tumor induction, demonstrate risk from space radiation exposure. This evidence may be extrapolated to applicable chronic conditions that are found in space and from the heavy ion beams that are used at accelerators. ==Cancer induction by space radiation== A necessary step for improving space radiation cancer risk assessment is to perform studies on the molecular pathways that are causative of cancer initiation and progression, and to extend these studies to learn how such pathways can be disrupted by HZE ions, including both genetic and epigenetic modifications that are noted as the hallmarks of cancer (Figure 4-8). The goal of this research is to establish a more mechanistic approach to estimating risk and to answer questions, including whether HZE effects can be scaled from those of gamma rays, whether risk is linear with low dose-rate, and how individual radiation sensitivity impacts the risks for astronauts, a population that is selected for many factors related to excellence in health.
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